Historic floods
of Earth
Explore historic floods across Europe from 1870 to 2022 through maps, filters, and search. Discover recorded dates, causes, impacts, and supporting sources.
Explore historic floods across Europe from 1870 to 2022 through maps, filters, and search. Discover recorded dates, causes, impacts, and supporting sources.
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Use the reference that matches what you are citing.
Cite the interactive website and interface.
Evelpidou, N., Karkani, E., Saitis, G., Spyrou, E., & Liaskos, A. (2026). Historic Floods [Interactive WebGIS]. evelpidou.geo.nkua.cloud/floods
Author affiliation
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Source of the 1,992 NKUA records in Greece, 1886–2022.
Evelpidou, N., Cartalis, C., Karkani, A., Saitis, G., Philippopoulos, K., & Spyrou, E. (2023). A GIS-Based Assessment of Flood Hazard through Track Records over the 1886–2022 Period in Greece. Climate, 11, 226. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli11110226
Cite the versioned dataset and its methods publication.
Paprotny, D. HANZE v2.1.1 [Dataset]. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.8410025. CC BY 4.0.
Paprotny, D., Terefenko, P., & Śledziowski, J. (2024). HANZE v2.1: an improved database of flood impacts in Europe from 1870 to 2020. Earth System Science Data, 16, 5145–5170. doi:10.5194/essd-16-5145-2024.
The WebGIS includes all 2,521 HANZE source records across 40 countries and territories, including 109 records in Greece. Source records can belong to the same wider flood episode; unresolved matches with NKUA are not automatically merged.
HANZE pins are derived display locations inside administrative regions affected by floods. They are not observed flood-site coordinates. The original polygons identify regions affected by floods, not inundation boundaries. Geometry was transformed from EPSG:3035 to EPSG:4326 without simplification. Original intervals, approximation flags, impacts, notes and reference labels remain attached to each record.
HANZE source bibliography · Provenance and country downloads. Upstream references have not all been independently retrieved or assessed.
Terms for original platform content.
Except where third-party data, basemaps, imagery, logos, or source materials are separately credited, the original text, interface, visualisation design, and research outputs of this application are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC BY 4.0).
You may share and adapt this material provided that you give appropriate credit, link to the licence, and indicate whether changes were made. Third-party materials remain subject to their respective terms and licences.
Submit a historic flood event or correct an existing record. Use one row per affected location and event date, with a traceable source and documented impacts.
Fill in the blank Data sheet in the XLSX workbook. The Field guide describes every column, its units and examples. You can also use the CSV with the same headers.
Leave unknown values blank. For a correction, include the existing id and explain the change in submission_notes.
| Field and column | Format and unit | What to provide |
|---|---|---|
Event start datedate_of_commencement | YYYY-MM-DD (text) | Documented start date as YYYY-MM-DD text, including dates before 1900. If the exact date is uncertain, explain the documented date in submission_notes. |
Countrycountry | Text | Country containing the submitted site. Contributions are not limited to the current geographic coverage. |
Administrative area or localitylocation_name | Text | Administrative area or locality affected by the flood. |
Affected place or eventflood_event_name | Text | Specific affected settlement, site or recognised event name. |
Latitudelatitude | WGS84 (degrees) | WGS84 decimal latitude. Use a minus sign south of the equator. |
Longitudelongitude | WGS84 (degrees) | WGS84 decimal longitude. Use a minus sign west of Greenwich. |
Supporting sourcesource | Text | Traceable publication, DOI, report or source URL supporting this record. Include page or figure numbers where relevant. |
| Field and column | Format and unit | What to provide |
|---|---|---|
Existing record IDid | Whole number | For a correction, copy the ID of the existing map record. Leave blank for a new record. |
Recorded fatalitiesdeaths_toll_int | Whole number | Number of recorded deaths. Blank means unknown. Zero means explicitly none. |
Reported causecause_of_flood | Text | Cause of the flood as documented by the source. |
Rainfall durationrainfall_duration | Text | Reported duration including its unit, such as hours or days. |
Rainfall amountrainfall_height | Text | Reported precipitation depth including unit and measurement period. |
Documented impactsrelevant_information | Text | Recorded damage, affected infrastructure and other relevant event details. |
Submission notessubmission_notes | Text | Explain corrections, coordinate accuracy, measurement methods, vertical datum and any uncertainty. Identify attachments here. |
Include contributor names, affiliation and contact details in your email. Attach the completed file and supporting sources manually. The research team reviews each submission before publication.
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